This exacerbated the rift between the Islamic North, the seat of the government, and the Animists and Christians in the South.
On 1 January 1956, Sudan was duly declared an independent state.Īfter Sudan became independent, the Jaafar Nimeiry regime began Islamist rule. The following year, under Egyptian and Sudanese pressure, the United Kingdom agreed to Egypt's demand for both governments to terminate their shared sovereignty over Sudan and to grant Sudan independence. Muhammad Naguib, one of the two co-leaders of the revolution, and Egypt's first President, who was half-Sudanese and had been raised in Sudan, made securing Sudanese independence a priority of the revolutionary government. The Egyptian revolution of 1952 toppled the monarchy and demanded the withdrawal of British forces from all of Egypt and Sudan. In effect, Sudan was governed as a British possession. In 1899, under British pressure, Egypt agreed to share sovereignty over Sudan with the United Kingdom as a condominium. Religious-nationalist fervour erupted in the Mahdist Uprising in which Mahdist forces were eventually defeated by a joint Egyptian-British military force. From the 19th century, the entirety of Sudan was conquered by the Egyptians under the Muhammad Ali dynasty. Under Turco-Egyptian rule of Sudan after the 1820s, the practice of trading slaves was entrenched along a north–south axis, with slave raids taking place in southern parts of the country and slaves being transported to Egypt and the Ottoman empire. In 1811, Mamluks established a state at Dunqulah as a base for their slave trading.
From the 16th to the 19th centuries, central and eastern Sudan were dominated by the Funj sultanate, while Darfur ruled the west and the Ottomans the east. Between the 14th and 15th centuries, most of Sudan was gradually settled by Arab nomads. After the fall of Kush, the Nubians formed the three Christian kingdoms of Nobatia, Makuria, and Alodia.
1500 BC–1070 BC), and the Kingdom of Kush ( c. 2500–1500 BC), the Egyptian New Kingdom ( c. History witnessed the Kingdom of Kerma ( c. Its capital city is Khartoum, and its most populous city is Omdurman (part of the metropolitan area of Khartoum). It was the largest country by area in Africa and the Arab League until the secession of South Sudan in 2011 since then both titles have been held by Algeria. It has a population of 45.7 million people as of 2022 and occupies 1,886,068 square kilometres (728,215 square miles), making it Africa's third-largest country by area and the third-largest by area in the Arab League. It borders the Central African Republic to the southwest, Chad to the west, Egypt to the north, Eritrea to the northeast, Ethiopia to the southeast, Libya to the northwest, South Sudan to the south, and the Red Sea.
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( Next 20) ( Previous 20) Basic users (becoming a basic user is free and easy!) view 40 history.Sudan ( English: / s uː ˈ d ɑː n/ or / s uː ˈ d æ n/ Arabic: السودان, romanized: Sūdān), officially the Republic of the Sudan (Arabic: جمهورية السودان, romanized: Jumhūriyyat as-Sūdān), is a country in Northeast Africa. ( Register) (Currently displaying flights 20 - 40) Airborne Southwest "Southwest" (SWA) AircraftĮllison Onizuka Kona Intl At Keahole ( KOA / PHKO) ( Next 20) ( Previous 20) Basic users (becoming a basic user is free and easy!) view 40 history.
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